Problems and Solutions
Chapter 9
Membrane Processes
Textbook Examples:
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09.01
Osmotic Pressure of a Aqueous Glucose and Sodium Chloride
Solution (p. 424)
Additional Problems:
P09.01
Freezing and Boiling Temperature of a Solution from Osmotic
Pressure
The osmotic pressure of a salt
solution in water at 25°C has been measured
as 7.2 atm against pure water. Estimate the freezing and boiling
temperature of the solution from the data in Appendix
A.
P09.02 Average Molar Mass
(Polymer) from Osmotic Pressure
An aqueous solution
contains 6 g/l of a polymer. At 300 K, the osmotic pressure is 30 mbar.
Estimate the average molar mass of the polymer, if ideal behavior can be
assumed. Is this average the mass average or number average molar mass
(see chapter 10.1)
P09.03
Osmotic Pressure from Freezing Point Depression
In an aqueous sugar solution, the freezing point of water at
atmospheric pressure is lowered by 0.1 K. Estimate the osmotic pressure
of the solution at 20°C. Use the cryoscopic constant of water given in
Example 8.7.
P09.04
Glycerol Concentration from Osmotic Pressure in Aqueous Solution
The osmotic pressure of an aqueous glycerol solution is
P = 12 bar. Estimate the glycerol
concentration of the solution. The structural formula of glycerol is CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH.